µ±Ç°Î»ÖãºÖ÷Ò³ > ¾­ÑéÎÊ´ð(2) > ÕýÎÄ

±ê×¼´óÆøÑ¹ÊǶàÉÙ ±ê×¼µÄ´óÆøÑ¹Öµ¶àÉÙpa

·¢²¼Ê±¼ä£º2022-05-17 11:58 À´Ô´£º»¥ÁªÍø µã»÷£º0´Î
±ê×¼´óÆøÑ¹£¨Standardatmosphericpressure£©ÊÇÔÚ±ê×¼´óÆøÌõ¼þϺ£Æ½ÃæµÄÆøÑ¹,1644ÄêÓÉÎïÀíѧ¼ÒÍÐÀï²ðÀûÌá³ö,ÆäֵΪ101.325kPa,ÊÇѹǿµÄµ¥Î»,¼Ç×÷atm¡£»¯Ñ§ÖÐÔøÒ»¶È½«±ê׼ζȺÍѹÁ¦£¨STP£©¶¨ÒåΪ0

±ê×¼´óÆøÑ¹ÊǶàÉÙ ±ê×¼µÄ´óÆøÑ¹Öµ¶àÉÙpa

¡¡¡¡±ê×¼´óÆøÑ¹£¨Standard atmospheric pressure£©ÊÇÔÚ±ê×¼´óÆøÌõ¼þϺ£Æ½ÃæµÄÆøÑ¹£¬1644ÄêÓÉÎïÀíѧ¼ÒÍÐÀï²ðÀûÌá³ö£¬ÆäֵΪ101.325kPa£¬ÊÇѹǿµÄµ¥Î»£¬¼Ç×÷atm¡£»¯Ñ§ÖÐÔøÒ»¶È½«±ê׼ζȺÍѹÁ¦£¨STP£©¶¨ÒåΪ0¡ãC£¨273.15K£©¼°101.325kPa£¨1atm£©£¬µ«1982ÄêÆðIUPAC½«¡°±ê׼ѹÁ¦¡±ÖØÐ¶¨ÒåΪ100 kPa¡£

¡¡¡¡1±ê×¼´óÆøÑ¹=760mm¹¯Öù=76cm¹¯Öù=1.01325¡Á10^5Pa=10.339mË®Öù¡£1±ê×¼´óÆøÑ¹=101325 N/©O¡££¨ÔÚ¼ÆËãÖÐͨ³£Îª1±ê×¼´óÆøÑ¹=1.01¡Á10^5 N/©O£©¡£100kPa=0.1MPa¡£

¡¡¡¡»ù±¾ÐÅÏ¢£º

¡¡¡¡±ê×¼´óÆøÑ¹£¬ÔÚ±ê×¼´óÆøÌõ¼þϺ£Æ½ÃæµÄÆøÑ¹£¬ÆäֵΪ101.325kPa£¬ÊÇѹǿµÄµ¥Î»£¬¼Ç×÷ÅÁ˹¿¨£¨Pa£©¡£

¡¡¡¡ÍÐÀï²ðÀû£¨Torricelli£¬Evangelista£¬1608-1647£©ÊÇ17ÊÀ¼ÍÎ÷·½µÄһλÆÄ¸ºÊ¢ÃûµÄ¿ÆÑ§¼Ò¡£ËûÔÚÕýµ±39ËêÉúÈÕÖ®¼Ê£¬Í»È»²¡µ¹£¬ÓëÊÀ³¤´Ç¡£¿ÉËûÔڶ̶̵ÄÒ»ÉúÖУ¬È¡µÃÁË¶à·½Ãæ½Ü³öµÄ³É¾Í£¬Ó®µÃÁ˺ܸߵÄÉùÓþ¡£Ù¤ÀûÂÔѧ˵µÄº´ÎÀÕßÍÐÀï²ðÀû³öÉúÔÚÒâ´óÀû»ªÒ®²é³ÇµÄ¸»Ô£µÄ¹ó×å¼ÒÍ¥¡£Ëû´ÓС¾ÍÊܵ½ÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄÊýѧ½ÌÓý¡£

¡¡¡¡ÔÚÊ®Æß°ËËêʱ£¬×¿Ô½µÄÊýѧ²ÅÄÜÒѳõ¶·æÃ¢¡£ÓÚÊÇÔÚËû¶þÊ®Ëêʱ£¬²®¸¸½«Ëû´øµ½ÂÞÂí£¬ÊܽÌÓÚÙ¤ÀûÂÔµÄѧÉú¿¨Ë¹µÂÀû¡£¿¨Ë¹µÂÀûÊǵ±Ê±Ô¶½üÎÅÃûµÄÊýѧ¼ÒºÍË®Àû¹¤³Ìʦ£¬ËûÔÚÊýѧÁìÓòÄÚºÜ¶à·½Ãæ¶¼ÓÐ×¿ÖøµÄ³É¾Í£¬»¹ÎªË®Á¦Ñ§´´Á¢ÁË¿ÆÑ§µÄ»ù´¡¡£¿¨Ë¹µÂÀû¼ûÍÐÀï²ðÀûÄêÇá´Ï»Û£¬Ê®·Öϲ°®£¬±ãÖ¸ÅÉËûΪ×Ô¼ºµÄ˽ÈËÃØÊ飬ÔÚѧÊõÉϸøÓèËûÖ¸µ¼¡£ÍÐÀï²ðÀûÉî¿ÌÑо¿ÁËÙ¤ÀûÂԵġ¶Á½ÖÖпÆÑ§µÄ¶Ô»°¡·Ò»Êé¡£´ÓÖлñµÃÁËÓйØÁ¦Ñ§Ô­ÀíµÄ·¢Õ¹µÄºÜ¶àÆô·¢¡£

¡¡¡¡1641Ä꣬ÍÐÀï²ðÀû³ö°æÁË¡¶ÂÛÖØÎïµÄÔ˶¯¡·Ò»Ê飬Æóͼ¶ÔÙ¤ÀûÂԵ͝Á¦Ñ§¶¨ÂÉ×÷³öеÄ×Ô¼ºµÄ½áÂÛ¡£¿¨Ë¹µÂÀûÔÚÒ»´Î°Ý·ÃÙ¤ÀûÂÔʱ£¬½«ÍÐÀï²ðÀûµÄÂÛÖø¸øÙ¤ÀûÂÔ¿´ÁË£¬»¹ÈÈÇéÍÆ¼öÁËÍÐÀï²ðÀû¡£Ù¤ÀûÂÔ¿´ÍêÍÐÀï²ðÀûÂÛÖøÖ®ºó£¬±íʾ·Ç³£ÐÀÉÍËûµÄ׿Խ¼û½â£¬±ãÑûÇëËûǰÀ´³äµ±ÖúÊÖ¡£

¡¡¡¡1614Ä꣬ÍÐÀï²ðÀûÀ´µ½·ðÂÞÂ×Èø£¬»á¼ûÁËÙ¤ÀûÂÔ£¬´Ëʱ٤ÀûÂÔÒÑ˫ĿʧÃ÷£¬ÖÕÈÕÎÔÔÚ²¡´²ÉÏ¡£ÔÚËûÉúÃüµÄ×îºóÈý¸öÔÂÖУ¬ÍÐÀï²ðÀûºÍËûµÄѧÉúάά°²Äáµ£ÈÎÁËÙ¤ÀûÂÔ¿ÚÊöµÄ±Ê¼ÇÕߣ¬³ÉÁËÙ¤ÀûÂÔµÄ×îºóµÄѧÉú¡£1642ÄêÙ¤ÀûÂÔÊÅÊÀºó£¬ÍÐÀï²ðÀû½ÓÌæÙ¤ÀûÂÔÈηðÂÞÂ×Èø¿ÆÑ§ÔºµÄÎïÀíѧºÍÊýѧ½ÌÊÚ£¬²¢±»ÈÎÃüΪ¹¬Í¢Ê×ϯÊýѧ¼Ò¡£

¡¡¡¡´Ó´ËËûÓÐÇ®¿ÉÒÔ×öһЩʵÑéÑо¿£¬²»ÔÙÏñÒÔÍùÄÇÑùÖ»ÄÜ´ÓÊÂÀíÂÛ̽Ë÷¡£ºóÀ´£¬ÍÐÀï²ðÀû´ó´ó³äʵÁËÙ¤ÀûÂԵġ¶Á½ÃÅпÆÑ§µÄ¶Ô»°¡·¡°µÚÎå¡¢ÁùÁ½Ì족µÄÄÚÈÝ¡£ÍÐÀï²ðÀûÔÚ·ðÂÞÂ×ÈøÉú»îÁËÎåÄֱ꣬ÖÁÈ¥ÊÀ¡£ÔÚÕâÎåÄê¶àµÄʱ¼äÀËû½øÐÐÁË´óÁ¿µÄ¿ÆÑ§Ñо¿£¬»¹½áʶÁË»­¼ÒÂÞɯ£¬¹ÅÏ£À°ÎÄÃ÷ѧÕß´ïµÒºÍË®Àû¹¤³Ìʦ°¢Àï¸ÇÌᣬ²¢Êܵ½ÁËÉϲãÈËÎïÃÇµÄÆÕ±é¾´ÖØ¡£

¡¡¡¡Ëû»¹Ó¦ÑûÔÚïõ¿·Ñ§»á×÷ÁË12´ÎѧÊõÑݽ²£¬Ñݽ²Ìâ²Ä¹ã·º£¬ÆäÖÐÓÐ6´ÎÊǹØÓÚÎïÀíѧ·½ÃæµÄ¡£ÕâЩ½²¸åÔÚÓï´Ê·½Ãæ¾ùÎÞ覴ÿÉÌô£¬Îª³£ÈËËù²»¼°£¬ÊǵäÐ͵ÄÒâ´óÀûÎÄѧ×÷Æ·¡£ËûµÄÑݽ²Öл¹³äÂú×ÅÎÄÒÕ¸´Ñ§Ê±´úµÄÄǹɶ·Õù¾«Éñ£¬Åê»÷ÁËÄÇÖÖ¾¡È«Á¦Î¬»¤Íç¹ÌÊØ¾ÉÊÆÁ¦µÄÌìÖ÷½Ì˼Ï룬¶à´Î»¶ºôÙ¤ÀûÂԵijɾͣ¬º´ÎÀÙ¤ÀûÂÔµÄѧ˵¡£

Ïà¹Ø×ÊѶ

¹ãÎ÷ÖÐÒ½Ò©´óѧÊÇ˫һÁ÷´óѧÂð£¬ÓÐÄÄЩ˫һÁ÷ѧ¿Æ£¿
¹ãÎ÷ÖÐÒ½Ò©´óѧÊÇ˫һÁ÷´óѧÂð¡¢ÓÐÄÄЩѧ¿ÆÈëÑ¡ÁË˫һÁ÷ѧ¿Æ½¨ÉèÃûµ¥Êǹã´ó¿¼ÉúºÍ¼Ò³¤ÅóÓÑÃÇÊ®·Ö¹ØÐĵÄÎÊÌâ¡£¹ãÎ÷ÖÐÒ½Ò©´óѧ¼ÈûÓÐÈëÑ¡ÊÀ½çÒ»Á÷´óѧ½¨Éè¸ßУÃûµ¥,ËùÒÔ¹ãÎ÷ÖÐÒ½Ò©´óѧ²»ÊÇ˫һÁ÷´óѧ¡£
´óÍåÇøÊÇʲô¹£ ´óÍåÇøÊ²Ã´Òâ˼
1¡¢ÒòΪ½ÚÄ¿×éÇëÀ´Á˼¸¸öÏã¸ÛÀÏÅÆÄÐÒÕÈ˵Ĵú±í£¬ÆäÖгÂС´ºÊÇÕ⼸ÈËÖеÄ×鳤£¬ËùÒÔ³ÆËûΪ´óÍåÇøµÄ´ú±í¡£Õâµµ×ÛÒÕ½ÚÄ¿ÇëÁ˺ܶà¸öÏã¸ÛµÄÀÏÅÆÒÕÈË£¬Õ⼸¸öÆÕͨ»°²»±ê×¼µÄÄÐÒÕÈ˳ÉΪÁËÕâµµ½ÚÄ¿µÄ¸ãЦÈËÎïµ£µ±¡£2¡¢ËûÃǵÄ
ÁÙä¬Ôõô¶Á ÁÙ䬶ÁÒô¼ò½é
1¡¢ÁÙ䬯´Òô£º[l¨ªn t¨¢o]¡£ 2¡¢ÁÙä¬ÏØ£¬¹Å³ÆµÒµÀ£¬Á¥ÊôÓÚ¸ÊËàÊ¡¶¨Î÷ÊУ¬Òò¾³ÄÚÓÐ䬺ӶøµÃÃû¡£ÁÙä¬ÏØÎ»ÓÚ¸ÊËàÊ¡Öв¿¡¢¶¨Î÷ÊÐÎ÷²¿£¬µØ´¦»ÆÍÁ¸ßÔ­ÓëÇà²Ø¸ßÔ­µÄ½»»ãµØ´ø£¬»ÆºÓÉÏÓÎ×î´óµÄÖ§Á÷䬺Ӵ©³Ç¶ø¹ý¡£È«ÏØ×ÜÃæ»ý2
Êô»¢Äк¢Ë³¿ÚºÃÃû×Ö ºÃÌý˳¿ÚµÄÊô»¢Äк¢Ãû×Ö
1¡¢ÊÀÑÅ ³ö×Ô£ºÐìîçµÄ¡¶¿ÞÐ̲¿ÊÌÀÉÇǹ«Ê«¡·¡ª¡ª¾ÙÊÀÖØÎÄÑÅ£¬·ò¾ý¸üÖÊÕæ¡£ 2¡¢ÕÑ¿¡ ³ö×Ô£ººéð©µÄ¡¶´ÎÑåÉîÔÏ¡·¡ª¡ªÑåºà¿¡Òݺr±«ÕÑ£¬´ÇÔ哤»ªÈç»áÛÍ¡£ 3¡¢ËÉÇå ³ö×Ô£ºÃ·Ò¢³¼µÄ¡¶Ð°²Ç®Ñ§Ê¿ÒÔ½üʫһÖá¼ûêÜéü³É¶ÌÑÔÓÃÐð
·É»út2´ú±íʲô
·É»út2´ú±íÔÚ¶þºÅº½Õ¾Â¥ºò»ú¡£T±íʾTerminal,º½Õ¾Â¥µÄÒâ˼¡£º½Õ¾Â¥ÊÇ»ú³¡ÄÚµÄÒ»¸öÉèÊ©,Ìṩ·É»ú³Ë¿Íת»»Â½ÉϽ»Í¨Óë¿ÕÖн»Í¨µÄÉèÊ©,·½±ãÉÏÏ·ɻú¡£ÔÚº½Õ¾Â¥ÄÚ,³Ë¿Í¹ºÆ±ºóÐè°ìÀí±¨µ½¡¢ÍÐÔËÐÐÀî,²¢¾­¹ý°²È«¼ì²é¼°Ö¤ÕÕ²é
Ѿ×ÖĸÔõô¶Á ѾµÄÒâ˼
1¡¢Ñ¾£¬ººÓï³£ÓÃ×Ö£¨Ò»¼¶×Ö£©£¬¶Á×÷y¨ £2¡¢¡°Ñ¾¡±ÊÇ·Ö²æµÄ²¿Î»£¬±íʾ´ÎÒªµÄ¡¢²»ÊÜÖØÊӵģ¬Òò´Ë£¬¡°Ñ¾¡±Ò²½èÓÃÀ´Ö¸Ñ¾Í·£¬Ö¸Å®º¢×Ó»ò¾Éʱ¹©Ê¹ÒÛµÄÅ®º¢¶ù¡£Õâ·´Ó³Á˾ÉÊ±ÖØÄÐÇáÅ®£¬ÄÐÖ÷Å®´ÎµÄÉç»áÏÖÏó£»Ò²ÐÎÏóµØÃè»æÁ˾É